一、异步执行
实现方式二种:
1.使用异步注解@aysnc、启动类:添加@EnableAsync注解
2.JDK 8本身有一个非常好用的Future类——CompletableFuture
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@AllArgsConstructor
public class AskThread implements Runnable{
private CompletableFuture<Integer> re = null ;
public void run() {
int myRe = 0 ;
try {
myRe = re.get() * re.get();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(myRe);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
final CompletableFuture<Integer> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
new Thread( new AskThread(future)).start();
//模拟长时间的计算过程
Thread.sleep( 1000 );
//告知完成结果
future.complete( 60 );
}
}
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在该示例中,启动一个线程,此时AskThread对象还没有拿到它需要的数据,执行到 myRe = re.get() * re.get()会阻塞。我们用休眠1秒来模拟一个长时间的计算过程,并将计算结果告诉future执行结果,AskThread线程将会继续执行。
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public class Calc {
public static Integer calc(Integer para) {
try {
//模拟一个长时间的执行
Thread.sleep( 1000 );
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return para * para;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
final CompletableFuture<Void> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> calc( 50 ))
.thenApply((i) -> Integer.toString(i))
.thenApply((str) -> "\\"" + str + "\\"" )
.thenAccept(System.out::println);
future.get();
}
}
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CompletableFuture.supplyAsync方法构造一个CompletableFuture实例,在supplyAsync()方法中,它会在一个新线程中,执行传入的参数。在这里它会执行calc()方法,这个方法可能是比较慢的,但这并不影响CompletableFuture实例的构造速度,supplyAsync()会立即返回。
而返回的CompletableFuture实例就可以作为这次调用的契约,在将来任何场合,用于获得最终的计算结果。supplyAsync用于提供返回值的情况,CompletableFuture还有一个不需要返回值的异步调用方法runAsync(Runnable runnable),一般我们在优化Controller时,使用这个方法比较多。
这两个方法如果在不指定线程池的情况下,都是在ForkJoinPool.common线程池中执行,而这个线程池中的所有线程都是Daemon(守护)线程,所以,当主线程结束时,这些线程无论执行完毕都会退出系统。
核心代码:
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CompletableFuture.runAsync(() ->
this .afterBetProcessor(betRequest,betDetailResult,appUser,id)
);
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异步调用使用Callable来实现
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@RestController
public class HelloController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController. class );
@Autowired
private HelloService hello;
@GetMapping ( "/helloworld" )
public String helloWorldController() {
return hello.sayHello();
}
/**
* 异步调用restful
* 当controller返回值是Callable的时候,springmvc就会启动一个线程将Callable交给TaskExecutor去处理
* 然后DispatcherServlet还有所有的spring拦截器都退出主线程,然后把response保持打开的状态
* 当Callable执行结束之后,springmvc就会重新启动分配一个request请求,然后DispatcherServlet就重新
* 调用和处理Callable异步执行的返回结果, 然后返回视图
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping ( "/hello" )
public Callable<String> helloController() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法" );
Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法" );
String say = hello.sayHello();
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回" );
return say;
}
};
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回" );
return callable;
}
}
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异步调用的方式 WebAsyncTask
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@RestController
public class HelloController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController. class );
@Autowired
private HelloService hello;
/**
* 带超时时间的异步请求 通过WebAsyncTask自定义客户端超时间
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping ( "/world" )
public WebAsyncTask<String> worldController() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法" );
// 3s钟没返回,则认为超时
WebAsyncTask<String> webAsyncTask = new WebAsyncTask<>( 3000 , new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法" );
String say = hello.sayHello();
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回" );
return say;
}
});
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回" );
webAsyncTask.onCompletion( new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕" );
}
});
webAsyncTask.onTimeout( new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout" );
// 超时的时候,直接抛异常,让外层统一处理超时异常
throw new TimeoutException( "调用超时" );
}
});
return webAsyncTask;
}
/**
* 异步调用,异常处理,详细的处理流程见MyExceptionHandler类
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping ( "/exception" )
public WebAsyncTask<String> exceptionController() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法" );
Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法" );
throw new TimeoutException( "调用超时!" );
}
};
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回" );
return new WebAsyncTask<>( 20000 , callable);
}
}
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二、增加内嵌Tomcat的最大连接数
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@Configuration
public class TomcatConfig {
@Bean
public ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory webServerFactory() {
TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcatFactory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory();
tomcatFactory.addConnectorCustomizers( new MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer());
tomcatFactory.setPort( 8005 );
tomcatFactory.setContextPath( "/api-g" );
return tomcatFactory;
}
class MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer implements TomcatConnectorCustomizer {
public void customize(Connector connector) {
Http11NioProtocol protocol = (Http11NioProtocol) connector.getProtocolHandler();
//设置最大连接数
protocol.setMaxConnections( 20000 );
//设置最大线程数
protocol.setMaxThreads( 2000 );
protocol.setConnectionTimeout( 30000 );
}
}
}
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三、使用@ComponentScan()定位扫包比@SpringBootApplication扫包更快
四、默认tomcat容器改为Undertow(Jboss下的服务器,Tomcat吞吐量5000,Undertow吞吐量8000)
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< exclusions >
< exclusion >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-starter-tomcat</ artifactId >
</ exclusion >
</ exclusions >
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改为:
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< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-starter-undertow</ artifactId >
</ dependency >
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五、使用 BufferedWriter 进行缓冲
六、Deferred方式实现异步调用
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@RestController
public class AsyncDeferredController {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger( this .getClass());
private final LongTimeTask taskService;
@Autowired
public AsyncDeferredController(LongTimeTask taskService) {
this .taskService = taskService;
}
@GetMapping ( "/deferred" )
public DeferredResult<String> executeSlowTask() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入executeSlowTask方法" );
DeferredResult<String> deferredResult = new DeferredResult<>();
// 调用长时间执行任务
taskService.execute(deferredResult);
// 当长时间任务中使用deferred.setResult("world");这个方法时,会从长时间任务中返回,继续controller里面的流程
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "从executeSlowTask方法返回" );
// 超时的回调方法
deferredResult.onTimeout( new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout" );
// 返回超时信息
deferredResult.setErrorResult( "time out!" );
}
});
// 处理完成的回调方法,无论是超时还是处理成功,都会进入这个回调方法
deferredResult.onCompletion( new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onCompletion" );
}
});
return deferredResult;
}
}
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七、异步调用可以使用AsyncHandlerInterceptor进行拦截
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@Component
public class MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor implements AsyncHandlerInterceptor {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor. class );
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception {
return true ;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
// HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "服务调用完成,返回结果给客户端" );
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
if ( null != ex){
System.out.println( "发生异常:" +ex.getMessage());
}
}
@Override
public void afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception {
// 拦截之后,重新写回数据,将原来的hello world换成如下字符串
String resp = "my name is chhliu!" ;
response.setContentLength(resp.length());
response.getOutputStream().write(resp.getBytes());
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入afterConcurrentHandlingStarted方法" );
}
}
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以上这篇基于Springboot吞吐量优化解决方案就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持快网idc。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32447301/article/details/88046026
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