C++ boost 时间与日期处理详细介绍

boost 时间与日期处理

导视：

类	特点	缺点	说明
timer	计时基类	不适合大跨度时间	适用大部分的普通计时
progress_timer	继承自timer 可以自动写入流中	只精确到0.01s	如果需要更精确，可派生个类，调用stream的precision设置
progress_display	图形化显示进度	只能输出到cout	如果还有其他输出则会干扰进度显示。折中的办法是重新显示 pd.restart(size); pd+= pNum;
date	日期结构，时间点	——	date是date_time库的核心类 boost::gregorian
date_duration	days、months、years 时间段	——	表示一段时间，可以把它看成一个int
date_period	标量，左开右闭，时间区间	——	可以认为是一个有起点的date_duration。能做交集、并集
date_iterator	迭代器，以某个单位增减	——	天、周、月、年四种迭代器，以某种增量移动。
time_duration	时间段同date_duration	——	hours、minutes、seconds、millisec、boost::posix_time
ptime	时间点 date+time_duration	——	分date()和time_of_day()操作。
time_period	时间区间同date_period	——	——
time_iterator	迭代器，以某个单位增减	——	可直接与ptime比较
date_facet	流格式化日期	——	%Y年%m月%d日
time_facet	流格式化时间	——	%Y年%m月%d日 %H点%M分%S%F秒

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#include <boost/timer.hpp>

#include <boost/progress.hpp>

#include <iostream>

#include <sstream>

#include <fstream>

#include <string>

#include <vector>

#include <Windows.h>

#include <boost/date_time/gregorian/gregorian.hpp>

#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

boost::timer t;

std::cout<<"Max "<<t.elapsed_max()<<endl;

std::cout<<"Min "<<t.elapsed_min()<<endl;

std::cout<<"elapsed: "<<t.elapsed()<<endl;

t.restart();

Sleep(100);

std::cout<<"elapsed: "<<t.elapsed()<<endl;

cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl;

stringstream ss;

{

boost::progress_timer t(ss);

Sleep(300);

}

cout<<ss.str();

cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl;

vector<string> v(100);

//Do Data Fill......

ofstream fs("c: est.txt");

boost::progress_display pd(v.size());

vector<string>::iterator pos;

for (pos = v.begin();pos != v.end();++pos)

{

fs<<*pos<<endl;

Sleep(10);

++pd;

//pd.restart(v.size());

//pd+=(pos-v.begin() +1);

}

cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl;

{

using namespace boost::gregorian;

cout<<"----------------- date ------------------"<<endl;

date d1;

date d2(2013,4,7);

date d3(2013,Apr,7);

date d4(d2);

assert(d1 == date(not_a_date_time)); //默认初始化为无效日期

assert(d2 == d4);

assert(d3 == d2);

d1 = from_string("1999,9,9");

date d5 (from_string("2008/8/8"));

d3 = from_undelimited_string("20110111");

cout<<day_clock::local_day()<<endl;

cout<<day_clock::universal_day()<<endl;

date d6 (neg_infin);

date d7(pos_infin);

cout<<d6<<endl;

cout<<d7<<endl;

cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl;

date today (2013,4,17);

assert(today.year() == 2013);

assert(today.month() == 4);

assert(today.day() == 17);

date::ymd_type ymd = today.year_month_day();

assert(ymd.year == 2013);

assert(ymd.month == 4);

assert(ymd.day == 17);

assert(today.day_of_week() == 3); //星期几周日为0

cout<<today.day_of_year()<<endl; //在一年中是第几天

assert(today.end_of_month() == date(2013,4,30)); //当月的最后一天

cout<<today.week_number()<<endl; //当年的第几周范围0~53 年初的半周归为上一年，即53

assert(d6.is_infinity()); //日期为无限日期

assert(d6.is_neg_infinity());

cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl;

cout<<to_simple_string(today)<<endl;

cout<<to_iso_string(today)<<endl;

cout<<to_iso_extended_string(today)<<endl; //常用日期格式YYYY-MM-DD

cout<<today<<endl;

cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl;

tm t = to_tm(today);

assert(t.tm_hour == 0 && t.tm_min == 0);

date new_today = date_from_tm(t); //从tm转为date

assert(new_today == today);

cout<<"-------------- days(date_duration) --------------"<<endl;

days dd1(10),dd2(-20),dd3(365);

assert(dd1>dd2 &&dd1<dd3);

assert(dd1+dd2 == days(-10));

assert((dd2+dd3).days() == 345);

assert(dd3/5 == days(73));

weeks w(3); //3个星期

assert(w.days() == 21);

months m(5);

years y(2);

months m2 = y+m;

assert(m2.number_of_months() == 29);

assert((y*2).number_of_years() == 4);

cout<<"-------------- Calc --------------"<<endl;

date dA(2000,1,1),dB(2008,8,8);

cout<<dB-dA<<endl; //3142天

dA+=days(10);

assert(dA.day() == 11);

dA+=months(2);

assert(dA.month() ==3 && dA.day()== 11);

dA-=weeks(1);

assert(dA.day() == 4);

dB-=years(7);

assert(dA.year() == dB.year()-1);

//如果日期是月末的最后一天，加减月或年会得到月末的时间，而不是简单的月、年加1

date sp(2013,3,30);

sp-=months(1);

assert(sp.month() == 2 && sp.day() == 28);

sp -=months(1);

assert(sp.month()== 1 && sp.day()== 31);

sp+=months(2);

assert(sp.day() == 31); //与原来的日期已经不相等！

cout<<"-------------- date_period --------------"<<endl;

date_period dp(date(2013,4,17),days(14)); //左开右闭与STL的容器相似

assert(!dp.is_null());

assert(dp.begin().day() == 17);

assert(dp.last().day() == 30);

assert(dp.end().day() == 1);

cout<<dp<<endl;

date_period new_dp = dp;

new_dp.shift(days(3)); //将时间区间向后移动

assert(new_dp.begin().day() == 20);

assert(new_dp.length().days() == 14);

new_dp.expand(days(3)); //区间两段延长n天，即延长2n天。

assert(new_dp.begin().day() == 17);

assert(new_dp.length().days() == 20);

assert(dp.is_after(date(2013,1,1)));

assert(dp.contains(date(2013,4,20)));

date_period dp2 (date(2013,4,17),days(5));

assert(dp.contains(dp2));

assert(dp.intersects(dp2)); //交集

assert(dp.intersection(dp2) == dp2);

date_period dp3 (date(2013,5,1),days(5));

assert(!dp3.intersects(dp));

assert(dp3.intersection(dp2).is_null());

assert(dp.is_adjacent(dp3));

date_period dp4(date(2013,4,17),days(19)); //并集

assert(dp.merge(dp3).is_null()); //无交集返回空

assert(dp.span(dp3) == dp4); //填充中间区域

cout<<"-------------- date_iterator --------------"<<endl;

date last(2013,4,17);

day_iterator d_iter(last); //日期迭代器

assert(d_iter == last);

++d_iter;

assert(d_iter == date(2013,4,18));

year_iterator y_iter(*d_iter,3); //增减步长为3

assert(y_iter == last + days(1));

++y_iter;

assert(y_iter->year() == 2016);

cout<<"-------------- func --------------"<<endl;

cout<<(gregorian_calendar::is_leap_year(2000)? "Yes":"no")<<endl; //闰年

assert(gregorian_calendar::end_of_month_day(2013,2) == 28); //月末天

}

{

using namespace boost::posix_time;

cout<<"-------------- time_duration --------------"<<endl;

time_duration td(1,1,1); //时、分、秒会自动借、进位

hours h0(1);

minutes m(1);

seconds s(1);

millisec ms(1);

time_duration td2 = h0+m+s+ms;

time_duration td3 = hours(2) + minutes(10);

time_duration td4 = duration_from_string("1:10:10:300");

assert(td4.hours() == 1 && td4.minutes() == 10 && td4.seconds() == 10);

assert(td.total_seconds() == 1*3600 + 1*60 +1); //转为sec

hours h(-10);

assert(h.is_negative());

time_duration h2 = h.invert_sign(); //取反

assert(!h2.is_negative() && h2.hours() == 10);

cout<<td3-td2<<endl;

cout<<to_simple_string(td4)<<endl;

cout<<to_iso_string(td4)<<endl;

cout<<"-------------- ptime --------------"<<endl;

{

using namespace boost::gregorian;

ptime p(date(2013,4,17),hours(1)); //ptime相当于date+time_duration

ptime p1 = time_from_string("2013-4-17 16:25:00");

cout<<p<<endl;

cout<<p1<<endl;

ptime p2 = second_clock::local_time(); //常用时间输出

ptime p3 = microsec_clock::universal_time(); //微秒精度

cout<<p2<<endl<<p3<<endl;

ptime op(date(2013,4,17),hours(1)+minutes(30));

date d = op.date();

time_duration optd = op.time_of_day();

assert(d.day() == 17 && d.month() == 4);

assert(optd.hours() == 1 && optd.minutes() == 30);

cout<<to_iso_extended_string(op)<<endl;

tm t = to_tm(op); //不可逆，此处与date不同

//只能用date_from_tm先得到日期，再填充时间。

cout<<"-------------- time_period --------------"<<endl;

time_period tp1 (op,hours(8));

time_period tp2(op+hours(8),hours(1));

assert(tp1.end() == tp2.begin() && tp1.is_adjacent(tp2));

assert(!tp1.intersects(tp2));

tp1.shift(hours(1));

assert(tp1.is_after(op));

assert(tp1.intersects(tp2));

tp2.expand(hours(10));

assert(tp2.contains(op) && tp2.contains(tp1));

cout<<"-------------- time_iterator --------------"<<endl;

for (time_iterator t_iter(op,minutes(10));t_iter<op+hours(1);++t_iter)

{

cout<<*t_iter<<endl;

}

cout<<"-------------- formate --------------"<<endl;

date_facet* dfacet = new date_facet("%Y 年%m 月%d 日");

cout.imbue(locale(cout.getloc(),dfacet));

cout<<date(2013,4,17)<<endl;

time_facet* tfacet = new time_facet("%Y 年%m 月%d 日 %H点%M分%S%F秒");

cout.imbue(locale(cout.getloc(),tfacet));

cout<<op<<endl;

}

getchar();

return 0;

}

运行结果：

Max 2.14748e+006

Min 0.001

elapsed: 0.001

elapsed: 0.1

---------------------------

0.30 s

---------------------------

0% 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100%

|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|

***************************************************

---------------------------

----------------- date ------------------

2013-Apr-17

-infinity

+infinity

---------------------------

107

16

---------------------------

2013-Apr-17

20130417

2013-04-17

2013-Apr-17

---------------------------

-------------- days(date_duration) --------------

-------------- Calc --------------

3142

-------------- date_period --------------

[2013-Apr-17/2013-Apr-30]

-------------- date_iterator --------------

-------------- func --------------

Yes

-------------- time_duration --------------

01:08:58.999000

01:10:10.300000

011010.300000

-------------- ptime --------------

2013-Apr-17 01:00:00

2013-Apr-17 16:25:00

2013-Apr-17 17:19:21

2013-Apr-17 09:19:21.870604

2013-04-17T01:30:00

-------------- time_period --------------

-------------- time_iterator --------------

2013-Apr-17 01:30:00

2013-Apr-17 01:40:00

2013-Apr-17 01:50:00

2013-Apr-17 02:00:00

2013-Apr-17 02:10:00

2013-Apr-17 02:20:00

-------------- formate --------------

2013 年04 月17 日

2013 年04 月17 日 01点30分00秒

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C++ boost 时间与日期处理详细介绍

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