本文实例讲述了C语言实现的顺序表功能。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
seqlist.h
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#ifndef __SEQLIST_H__
#define __SEQLIST_H__
#include<cstdio>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<assert.h>
#define SEQLIST_INIT_SIZE 8
#define INC_SIZE 3 //空间增量的大小
typedef int ElemType;
typedef struct Seqlist {
ElemType *base;
int capacity; //顺序表容量
int size; //表的大小
}Seqlist;
bool Inc(Seqlist *list);//增加顺序表的容量
void InitSeqlist(Seqlist *list); //初始化顺序表
void push_back(Seqlist *list, ElemType x); //在顺序表的末尾插入元素
void push_front(Seqlist *list, ElemType x); //在顺序表的头部插入元素
void show_list(Seqlist *list); //显示顺序表中的元素
void pop_back(Seqlist *list); //删除顺序表最后一个元素
void pop_front(Seqlist *list); //删除顺序表第一个元素
void insert_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos, ElemType x);//在顺序表的选定位置上插入数据
int find(Seqlist *list, ElemType key); //在顺序表中查找元素key的下标
int length(Seqlist *list);//求顺序表的长度
void delete_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos); //删除顺序表中特定位置的数据元素
void delete_val(Seqlist *list, int key);//删除顺序表中值为key的数据元素
void sort(Seqlist *list);//冒泡排序
void reverse(Seqlist *list);//逆置顺序列表
void clear(Seqlist *list);//清除顺序表中的所有元素
void destroy(Seqlist *list);//摧毁顺序表
void merge(Seqlist *lt, Seqlist *la, Seqlist *lb);//合并两个顺序列表
#endif //__SEQLIST_H__
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seqlist.cpp
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#include"seqlist.h"
bool Inc(Seqlist *list) {
ElemType *newbase = (ElemType*)realloc(list, sizeof(ElemType)*(list->capacity + INC_SIZE)); //重新分配内存空间
if (newbase == NULL) {
printf("内存空间已满，无法再分配内存空间！\\n");
return false;
}
list->base = newbase;
list->capacity += INC_SIZE;
return true;
}
void InitSeqlist(Seqlist *list) {
list->base = (ElemType*)malloc(sizeof(ElemType)*SEQLIST_INIT_SIZE);
assert(list->base != NULL);
list->capacity = SEQLIST_INIT_SIZE;
list->size = 0;
}
void push_back(Seqlist *list, ElemType x) {
if (list->size >= list->capacity && !Inc(list)) { //Inc(list)用来判断增加顺序表容量是否成功,只有在失败的情况下才会进入if语句中
printf("顺序表容量已满，无法再在表尾继续插入新元素！\\n");
return;
}
list->base[list->size] = x;
list->size++;
}
void push_front(Seqlist *list, ElemType x) {
if (list->size >= list->capacity && !Inc(list)) {
printf("顺序表容量已满，无法再在表头插入新元素！\\n");
return;
}
for (int i = list->size;i > 0;i--) {
list->base[i] = list->base[i - 1];
}
list->base[0] = x;
list->size++;
}
void show_list(Seqlist *list) {
for (int i = 0;i < list->size;i++) {
printf("%d ", list->base[i]);
}
printf("\\n");
}
void pop_back(Seqlist *list) {
if (list->size == 0) {
printf("顺序表已空，无法再在表尾删除元素！\\n");
return;
}
list->size--;
}
void pop_front(Seqlist *list) {
if (list->size == 0) {
printf("顺序表已空，无法再在表头删除元素！\\n");
return;
}
for (int i = 0;i < list->size - 1;i++) {
list->base[i] = list->base[i + 1];
}
list->size--;
}
void insert_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos, ElemType x) {
if (pos<0 || pos>list->size) {
printf("插入位置不合法，无法插入元素！\\n");
return;
}
if (list->size >= list->capacity && !Inc(list)) {
printf("顺序表容量已满，无法在插入新的元素！\\n");
return;
}
for (int i = list->size;i > pos;i--) {
list->base[i] = list->base[i - 1];
}
list->base[pos] = x;
list->size++;
}
int find(Seqlist *list, ElemType key) {
for (int i = 0;i < list->size;i++) {
if (list->base[i] == key)
return i;
}
return -1;
}
int length(Seqlist *list) {
return list->size;
}
void delete_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos) {
if (pos < 0 || pos >= list->size) {
printf("删除位置不合法，无法删除元素！\\n");
return;
}
for (int i = pos;i < list->size - 1;i++) {
list->base[i] = list->base[i + 1];
}
list->size--;
}
void delete_val(Seqlist *list, int key) {
int pos = find(list, key);
if (pos == -1) {
printf("顺序表中没有这个元素！\\n");
return;
}
delete_pos(list, pos);
}
void sort(Seqlist *list) {
for (int i = 0;i < list->size - 1;i++) {//排序的趟数（例如5个数据需要比较4趟）
for (int j = 0;j < list->size - 1 - i;j++) {//每一趟比较中的比较次数（例如5个数据在第0趟需要比较4次）
if (list->base[j] > list->base[j + 1]) {
ElemType temp = list->base[j];
list->base[j] = list->base[j + 1];
list->base[j + 1] = temp;
}
}
}
}
void reverse(Seqlist *list) {
if (list->size == 0 || list->size == 1) return;
int low = 0, high = list->size - 1;
while (low < high) {
ElemType temp = list->base[low];
list->base[low] = list->base[high];
list->base[high] = temp;
low++;
high--;
}
}
void clear(Seqlist *list) {
list->size = 0;
}
void destroy(Seqlist *list) {
free(list->base);
list->base = NULL;
list->capacity = 0;
list->size = 0;
}
void merge(Seqlist *lt, Seqlist *la, Seqlist *lb) {
lt->capacity = la->size + lb->size;
lt->base = (ElemType*)malloc(sizeof(ElemType)*lt->capacity);
assert(lt->base != NULL);
int ia = 0, ib = 0, ic = 0;
while (ia < la->size&&ib < lb->size) {
if (la->base[ia] < lb->base[ib]) {
lt->base[ic++] = la->base[ia++];
}
else {
lt->base[ic++] = lb->base[ib++];
}
}
while (ia < la->size) {
lt->base[ic++] = la->base[ia++];
}
while (ib < lb->size) {
lt->base[ic++] = lb->base[ib++];
}
lt->size = la->size + lb->size;
show_list(lt);
}
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main.cpp
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#include"seqlist.h"
void main() {
Seqlist list;
InitSeqlist(&list);
ElemType item;
int pos;
int select = 1;
while (select) {
printf("*******************************************\\n");
printf("*[1] push_back [2] push_front *\\n");
printf("*[3] show_list [4] pop_back *\\n");
printf("*[5] pop_front [6] insert_pos *\\n");
printf("*[7] find [8] length *\\n");
printf("*[9] delete_pos [10] delete_value *\\n");
printf("*[11] sort [12] reverse *\\n");
printf("*[13] clear [14] merge *\\n");
printf("*[0] quit_system *\\n");
printf("*******************************************\\n");
printf("请选择：>>");
scanf("%d", &select);
if (select == 0) break;
switch (select) {
case 1:
printf("请输入要插入的数据（-1结束）:>");
while (scanf("%d", &item), item != -1) {//先输入item的值，只要item不等于-1就接着循环
push_back(&list, item);
}
break;
case 2:
printf("请输入要插入的数据（-1结束）:>");
while (scanf("%d", &item), item != -1) {
push_front(&list, item);
}
break;
case 3:
show_list(&list);
break;
case 4:
pop_back(&list);
break;
case 5:
pop_front(&list);
break;
case 6:
printf("请输入要插入的数据:>");
scanf("%d", &item);
printf("请输入要插入的位置:>");
scanf("%d", &pos);
insert_pos(&list, pos, item);
break;
case 7:
printf("请输入要查找的数据:>");
scanf("%d", &item);
pos = find(&list, item);
if (pos == -1)
printf("查找的数据元素不在顺序表中！\\n");
else
printf("查找的数据元素在顺序表中的下标位置为%d\\n", pos);
break;
case 8:
printf("顺序表的长度为%d\\n", length(&list));
break;
case 9:
printf("请输入要删除数据在顺序表中的下标位置:>");
scanf("%d", &pos);
delete_pos(&list, pos);
break;
case 10:
printf("请输入要删除数据的值:>");
scanf("%d", &item);
delete_val(&list, item);
break;
case 11:
sort(&list);
break;
case 12:
reverse(&list);
break;
case 13:
clear(&list);
break;
case 14:
Seqlist mylist, yourlist;
ElemType item1, item2;
InitSeqlist(&mylist);
InitSeqlist(&yourlist);
printf("请输入顺序表1中的元素值（-1结束）:>");
while (scanf("%d", &item1), item1 != -1) {
push_back(&mylist, item1);
}
printf("请输入顺序表2中的元素值（-1结束）:>");
while (scanf("%d", &item2), item2 != -1) {
push_back(&yourlist, item2);
}
merge(&list, &mylist, &yourlist);
destroy(&mylist);
destroy(&yourlist);
break;
default:
printf("输入的选择错误！请重新输入！\\n");
break;
}
}
destroy(&list);
}
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