详解Docker无法正常启动的原因及解决办法

2025-05-27 0 88

一、Docker启动异常表现:

1.状态反复restaring,用命令查看

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$docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

21c09be88c11 docker.xxxx.cn:5000/xxx-tes/xxx_tes:1.0.6 "/usr/local/tomcat..." 9 days ago Restarting (1) Less than a second ago xxx10

2.Docker日志有明显问题:

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$docker logs [容器名/容器ID]

二、Docker启动异常的可能原因:

2.1.内存不够

Docker 启动至少需要2G内存,首先执行free -mh命令查看剩余内存是否足够

直接查看内存

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$free -mh

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 15G 14G 627M 195M 636M 726M

Swap: 0B 0B 0B

分析日志

有时候一瞬间内存过载溢出,导致部分进程被杀死,看起来内存也是够用的,事实上docker还是会反复重启,就需要通过docker日志和系统日志信的息来进一步分析:

分析docker日志

查看docker日志看到内存溢出的信息,要仔细翻阅才能找到信息,并不是在最下面

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$docker logs [容器名/容器ID]|less

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000769990000, 1449590784, 0) failed; error='Cannot allocate memory' (errno=12)

#

# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.

# Native memory allocation (malloc) failed to allocate 1449590784 bytes for committing reserved memory.

# An error report file with more information is saved as:

# //hs_err_pid1.log

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000769990000, 1449590784, 0) failed; error='Cannot allocate memory' (errno=12)

#

# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.

# Native memory allocation (malloc) failed to allocate 1449590784 bytes for committing reserved memory.

# An error report file with more information is saved as:

# /tmp/hs_err_pid1.log

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000769990000, 1449590784, 0) failed; error='Cannot allocate memory' (errno=12)

#

# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.

# Native memory allocation (malloc) failed to allocate 1449590784 bytes for committing reserved memory.

# Can not save log file, dump to screen..

#

# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.

# Native memory allocation (malloc) failed to allocate 1449590784 bytes for committing reserved memory.

# Possible reasons:

# The system is out of physical RAM or swap space

# In 32 bit mode, the process size limit was hit

# Possible solutions:

# Reduce memory load on the system

# Increase physical memory or swap space

# Check if swap backing store is full

# Use 64 bit Java on a 64 bit OS

# Decrease Java heap size (-Xmx/-Xms)

# Decrease number of Java threads

# Decrease Java thread stack sizes (-Xss)

# Set larger code cache with -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=

# This output file may be truncated or incomplete.

#

# Out of Memory Error (os_linux.cpp:2756), pid=1, tid=140325689620224

#

# JRE version: (7.0_79-b15) (build )

# Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (24.79-b02 mixed mode linux-amd64 compressed oops)

# Core dump written. Default location: //core or core.1

#

分析系统日志

查看系统日志,发现有大量由于内存溢出,进程被杀死的记录

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$grep -i 'Out of Memory' /var/log/messages

Apr 7 10:04:02 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 1192 (java) score 54 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:08:00 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 2301 (java) score 54 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:09:59 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 28145 (java) score 52 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:20:40 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 2976 (java) score 54 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:21:08 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 3577 (java) score 47 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:21:08 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 3631 (java) score 47 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:21:08 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 3634 (java) score 47 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:21:08 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 3640 (java) score 47 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:21:08 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 3654 (java) score 47 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:27:27 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 6998 (java) score 51 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:27:28 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 7027 (java) score 52 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:28:10 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 7571 (java) score 42 or sacrifice child

Apr 7 10:28:10 centos106 kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 7586 (java) score 42 or sacrifice child

2.2.端口冲突

该docker监听端口已经被其他进程占用,一般此种问题容易出现在新部署的服务,或在原有机器上部署新的后台服务,所以在部署之前应该执行命令检查端口是否已经被占用,如果上线后发现占有则应改为可用端口再重启之。

检查命令: $netstat -nltp|grep [规划的端口号]

三、对策

3.1.内存不够的对策:

对策1:
3.1.1 saltstack的minion在运行过久之后,可能占用大量内存,需要将其重启。重启命令可能有时并不起作用。主要检查运行状态,如果未成功停止,则重新重启;

对策2:
3.2.2 ELK日志收集程序或者其他java进程占用过高,用top和ps命令排查,谨慎确定进程的作用,在确保不影响业务的情况下,停止相关进程;

对策3:
释放被占用的内存(buff/cache):
$sync #将内存数据写入磁盘
$echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches #释放被占用的内存

对策4:
有时候并不是buff/cache过高导致内存不够用,确实是被很多必要的进程消耗掉了内存,那就需要从机器资源分配使用的层面去考虑和解决了。

3.2 端口冲突的对策

对策1:
一般此种问题容易出现在新部署的服务,或在原有机器上部署新的后台服务,所以在部署之前应该执行命令检查端口是否已经被占用,如果上线后发现占有则应改为可用端口再重启之。
检查命令: $netstat -nltp|grep [规划的端口号]

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持快网idc。

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/u010716706/article/details/69524863

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