运维监控系统之Prometheus Server安装

简介

Prometheus是Golang写的，编译后就是一个二进制文件，不依赖于第三方运行库。这样子就可以让我们很方便的部署。

下载安装

Golang的交叉编译，可以很容易实现跨平台。

如果是测试实验可以在下载windows版本的就可以了。

我这边都是Linux环境，直接下载Linux版本

wget-chttps://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.23.0/prometheus-2.23.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

tarzxvfprometheus-2.23.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

运行

解压后，就可以执行二进制文件prometheus

./prometheus

默认配置文件是当前目录下的prometheus.yml

默认配置文件里面只有拉取prometheus自己的指标。

帮助

./prometheus–help

prometheus 提供了很多参数可以进行配置，根据实际情况进行设置即可。

usage:prometheus[<flags>]

ThePrometheusmonitoringserver

Flags:

-h,–helpShowcontext-sensitivehelp(alsotry–help-longand–help-man).

–versionShowapplicationversion.

–config.file="prometheus.yml"

Prometheusconfigurationfilepath.

–web.listen-address="0.0.0.0:9090"

AddresstolistenonforUI,API,andtelemetry.

–web.read-timeout=5mMaximumdurationbeforetimingoutreadoftherequest,andclosingidleconnections.

–web.max-connections=512Maximumnumberofsimultaneousconnections.

–web.external-url=<URL>TheURLunderwhichPrometheusisexternallyreachable(forexample,ifPrometheusisservedviaareverseproxy).Usedforgeneratingrelativeandabsolutelinksbackto

Prometheusitself.IftheURLhasapathportion,itwillbeusedtoprefixallHTTPendpointsservedbyPrometheus.Ifomitted,relevantURLcomponentswillbederived

automatically.

–web.route-prefix=<path>Prefixfortheinternalroutesofwebendpoints.Defaultstopathof–web.external-url.

–web.user-assets=<path>Pathtostaticassetdirectory,availableat/user.

–web.enable-lifecycleEnableshutdownandreloadviaHTTPrequest.

–web.enable-admin-apiEnableAPIendpointsforadmincontrolactions.

–web.console.templates="consoles"

Pathtotheconsoletemplatedirectory,availableat/consoles.

–web.console.libraries="console_libraries"

Pathtotheconsolelibrarydirectory.

–web.page-title="PrometheusTimeSeriesCollectionandProcessingServer"

DocumenttitleofPrometheusinstance.

–web.cors.origin=".*"RegexforCORSorigin.Itisfullyanchored.Example:'https?://(domain1|domain2)\\.com'

–storage.tsdb.path="data/"

Basepathformetricsstorage.

–storage.tsdb.retention=STORAGE.TSDB.RETENTION

[DEPRECATED]Howlongtoretainsamplesinstorage.Thisflaghasbeendeprecated,use"storage.tsdb.retention.time"instead.

–storage.tsdb.retention.time=STORAGE.TSDB.RETENTION.TIME

Howlongtoretainsamplesinstorage.Whenthisflagissetitoverrides"storage.tsdb.retention".Ifneitherthisflagnor"storage.tsdb.retention"nor

"storage.tsdb.retention.size"isset,theretentiontimedefaultsto15d.UnitsSupported:y,w,d,h,m,s,ms.

–storage.tsdb.retention.size=STORAGE.TSDB.RETENTION.SIZE

[EXPERIMENTAL]Maximumnumberofbytesthatcanbestoredforblocks.Aunitisrequired,supportedunits:B,KB,MB,GB,TB,PB,EB.Ex:"512MB".Thisflagisexperimentaland

canbechangedinfuturereleases.

–storage.tsdb.no-lockfile

Donotcreatelockfileindatadirectory.

–storage.tsdb.allow-overlapping-blocks

[EXPERIMENTAL]Allowoverlappingblocks,whichinturnenablesverticalcompactionandverticalquerymerge.

–storage.tsdb.wal-compression

CompressthetsdbWAL.

–storage.remote.flush-deadline=<duration>

Howlongtowaitflushingsampleonshutdownorconfigreload.

–storage.remote.read-sample-limit=5e7

Maximumoverallnumberofsamplestoreturnviatheremotereadinterface,inasinglequery.0meansnolimit.Thislimitisignoredforstreamedresponsetypes.

–storage.remote.read-concurrent-limit=10

Maximumnumberofconcurrentremotereadcalls.0meansnolimit.

–storage.remote.read-max-bytes-in-frame=1048576

Maximumnumberofbytesinasingleframeforstreamingremotereadresponsetypesbeforemarshalling.Notethatclientmighthavelimitonframesizeaswell.1MBas

recommendedbyprotobufbydefault.

–rules.alert.for-outage-tolerance=1h

Maxtimetotolerateprometheusoutageforrestoring"for"stateofalert.

–rules.alert.for-grace-period=10m

Minimumdurationbetweenalertandrestored"for"state.Thisismaintainedonlyforalertswithconfigured"for"timegreaterthangraceperiod.

–rules.alert.resend-delay=1m

MinimumamountoftimetowaitbeforeresendinganalerttoAlertmanager.

–alertmanager.notification-queue-capacity=10000

ThecapacityofthequeueforpendingAlertmanagernotifications.

–alertmanager.timeout=10s

TimeoutforsendingalertstoAlertmanager.

–query.lookback-delta=5mThemaximumlookbackdurationforretrievingmetricsduringexpressionevaluationsandfederation.

–query.timeout=2mMaximumtimeaquerymaytakebeforebeingaborted.

–query.max-concurrency=20

Maximumnumberofqueriesexecutedconcurrently.

–query.max-samples=50000000

Maximumnumberofsamplesasinglequerycanloadintomemory.Notethatquerieswillfailiftheytrytoloadmoresamplesthanthisintomemory,sothisalsolimitsthe

numberofsamplesaquerycanreturn.

–log.level=infoOnlylogmessageswiththegivenseverityorabove.Oneof:[debug,info,warn,error]

–log.format=logfmtOutputformatoflogmessages.Oneof:[logfmt,json]

注册成服务

目前linux大部分的发行版本都是使用systemd管理系统服务了，我们可以直接编辑一个systemd的service文件，来部署prometheus服务。

vim/etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service

如果没有设置–storage.tsdb.path，记得设置好工作目录WorkingDirectory，不然所有数据都会保存到家目录里面。

[Unit]

Description=prometheus

After=network.target

[Service]

Type=simple

WorkingDirectory=/opt/prometheus/prometheus

ExecStart=/opt/prometheus/prometheus/prometheus–config.file="/opt/prometheus/prometheus/prometheus.yml"

LimitNOFILE=65536

PrivateTmp=true

RestartSec=2

StartLimitInterval=0

Restart=always

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target