centos5 源码安装Nginx + mysql + apache + php的方法

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主要依照的是张宴的一篇博文《http://blog.s135.com/post/366/》，安装的软件是也是从他提供的列表中下载，这里都是tar.gz格式，如果更希望是rpm格式的话，提供一个网址《http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php》这里列出了比较完全的下载包。 

我安装的系统：Centos5 

1、下载； 

我安装的下载来自张宴博文下的地址，下载保存的是home下自己目录的一个文件夹下： 

cd /home/xuxx/software 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.8.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.1.33.zip 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.2.2.tgz 

2、准备编译安装环境，需要编译源码用到gc++ 
建议如果是新安装的系统，使用yum upgrade更新下系统。 

sudo -s 
LANG=C 
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel 
glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel 
openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers 

注意：这里所有的命令是一行的而不能有换行符，如果是copy的时候，注意要去处该换行符 

确保安装成功！才能正确使用编译。 

3、安装： 

一、安装PHP 5.2.8（FastCGI模式） 
1、编译安装PHP 5.2.8所需的支持库： 

1］ libiconv库 

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz 
cd libiconv-1.13/ 
./configure –prefix=/usr/local 
make 
make install 
make clean 
>make distclean 
cd ../ 

make clean 和make distclean都是删除安装过程中生成的缓存文件。当然如果你不介意放着也可以跳过这两步清理操作。 

2］libmcrypt库 

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/ 
./configure 
make 
make install 
make clean 
make distclean 
/sbin/ldconfig 
cd libltdl/ 
./configure –enable-ltdl-install 
make 
make install 
make clean 
make distclean 
cd http://www.cnblogs.com/ 

3] mhash库 

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz 
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ 
./configure 
make 
make install 
cd ../ 

4］mcrypt库 

注意：因为该库和libmcrypt有依赖性，所以在安装前必须知道libmcrypt，否则的话会出现： 
错误 

checking for libmcrypt – version >= 2.5.0… 
*** ‘libmcrypt-config –version’ returned 2.4.0, but LIBMCRYPT (2.5.8) 
*** was found! If libmcrypt-config was correct, then it is best 
*** to remove the old version of LIBMCRYPT. You may also be able to fix the error 
*** by modifying your LD_LIBRARY_PATH enviroment variable, or by editing 
*** /etc/ld.so.conf. Make sure you have run ldconfig if that is 
*** required on your system. 
*** If libmcrypt-config was wrong, set the environment variable LIBMCRYPT_CONFIG 
*** to point to the correct copy of libmcrypt-config, and remove the file config.cache 
*** before re-running configure 
configure: error: *** libmcrypt was not found 

是因为path的问题，所以执行： 

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config 

然后再安装： 

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz 
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/ 
/sbin/ldconfig 
./configure 
make 
make install 
cd ../ 

二、安装mysql 

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql 
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql xxx 
unzip mysql-5.1.33.zip 
cd mysql-5.1.33/ 
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ –enable-assembler –with-extra-charsets=complex –enable-thread-safe-client –with-big-tables 
–with-readline –with-ssl –with-embedded-server –enable-local-infile –with-plugins=innobase 
make 
make install 
make clean 
make distclean 
chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql 
chown -R xxx:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql 
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf.sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf 
cd ../ 

注意：这里编译./configure命令是一行的而不能有换行符，如果是copy的时候，注意要去处该换行符 

在最后一步拷贝的时候，我安装完在support-files下没有my-medium.cnf而只有my-medium.cnf.sh所以将这个文件拷贝过去。 

＠张宴原文： 

附：以下为附加步骤，如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库，则执行以下两步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库，能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库，那么，以下两步无需执行。 
　　①、以xxx用户帐号的身份建立数据表： 

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db –basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql –datadir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/data –user=xxx 

②、启动MySQL（最后的&表示在后台运行） 

/bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf & 

3、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式） 

tar zxvf php-5.2.8.tar.gz 
gzip -cd php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.8 -p1 
cd php-5.2.8/ 
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc –with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql 
–with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config –with-iconv-dir=/usr/local –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib 
–with-libxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml –disable-rpath –enable-discard-path –enable-safe-mode –enable-bcmath –enable-shmop –enable-sysvsem 
–enable-inline-optimization –with-curl –with-curlwrappers –enable-mbregex –enable-fastcgi –enable-fpm –enable-force-cgi-redirect 
–enable-mbstring –with-mcrypt –with-gd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-openssl –with-mhash –enable-pcntl –enable-sockets –with-ldap 
–with-ldap-sasl 
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS=\’-liconv\’ 
make install 
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini 
cd ../ 

注意：这里./configure命令是一行的而不能有换行符，如果是copy的时候，注意要去处该换行符 

4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块–可选安装 

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz 
cd memcache-2.2.5/ 
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize 
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config 
make 
make install 
make clean 
make distclean 
cd ../ 
tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2 
cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/ 
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize 
./configure –enable-eaccelerator=shared –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config 
make 
make install 
make clean 
make distclean 
cd ../ 
tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz 
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/ 
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize 
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config –with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql 
make 
make install 
make clean 
make distclean 
cd ../ 
tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz 
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/ 
./configure 
make 
make install 
make clean 
make distclean 
cd ../ 
tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz 
cd imagick-2.2.2/ 
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize 
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config 
make 
make install 
make clean 
make distclean 
cd ../ 

5、修改php.ini文件 
　　<STRONG>手工修改：</STRONG>查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = \”./\” 
　　修改为extension_dir = \”/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/\” 
　　并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存： 
　　extension = \”memcache.so\” 
　　extension = \”pdo_mysql.so\” 
　　extension = \”imagick.so\” 

　　再查找output_buffering = Off 
　　修改为output_buffering = On 

6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP： 
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache 
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini 
按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息： 

[eaccelerator] 
zend_extension=\”/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so\” 
eaccelerator.shm_size=\”128\” 
eaccelerator.cache_dir=\”/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache\” 
eaccelerator.enable=\”1\” 
eaccelerator.optimizer=\”1\” 
eaccelerator.check_mtime=\”1\” 
eaccelerator.debug=\”0\” 
eaccelerator.filter=\”\” 
eaccelerator.shm_max=\”0\” 
eaccelerator.shm_ttl=\”300\” 
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period=\”120\” 
eaccelerator.shm_only=\”0\” 
eaccelerator.compress=\”1\” 
eaccelerator.compress_level=\”9\” 

修改配置文件： 
vi /etc/sysctl.conf 
kernel.shmmax = 134217728 
然后执行以下命令使配置生效：/sbin/sysctl -p 

以下的步骤和张宴步骤中一样配置，不再赘诉