Spring Data环境搭建实现过程解析

2025-05-29 0 125

 本节作为主要讲解Spring Data的环境搭建

JPA Spring Data :致力于减少数据访问层(DAO)的开发量。开发者唯一要做的就是声明持久层的接口,其他都交给Spring Data JPA来帮你完成!

使用Spring Data JPA进行持久层开发需要的四个步骤:

  • 配置Spring 整合 JPA
  • 在Spring配置文件中配置Spring Data,让Spring 为声明的接口创建代理对象。配置了<jpa:repositories>后,Spring 初始化容器时将会扫描base-package 指定的包目录及其子目录,为继承Repository或其子接口的接口创建代理对象,并将代理对象注册为SpringBean,业务层便可以通过Spring的自动封装的特性来直接使用该对象。
  • 声明持久层的接口,该接口继承Repository。Repository是一个标记型接口,它不包含任何方法,如必要,Spring Data 可实现Repository其他子接口,其中定义了一些常用的增删改查,以及分页相关的方法。
  • 在接口中声明需要的方法。Spring Data将根据给定的策略,来为其生成实现代码。

环境搭建

   1.所需要的包

    ① 加入spring

  •       spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-aspects-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-beans-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-context-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-core-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-expression-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-jdbc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-orm-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-web-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-webmvc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       com.springsource.net.sf.cglib-2.2.0.jar
  •       com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
  •       com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
  •       commons-logging-1.1.1.jar

    ② 加入hibernate包

  •       antlr-2.7.7.jar
  •       dom4j-1.6.1.jar
  •       hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.5.Final.jar
  •       hibernate-core-4.3.11.Final.jar
  •       hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
  •       jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar
  •       javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar
  •       jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar
  •       jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar
  •       jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar

    ③ 加jpa的包

      hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.11.Final.jar

    ④ 加c3p0的包

  •       c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar
  •       hibernate-c3p0-4.3.11.Final.jar
  •       mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar

    ⑤ 加mysql的驱动

      mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar

    ⑥加入springData

  •       spring-data-commons-1.6.2.RELEASE.jar
  •       spring-data-jpa-1.4.2.RELEASE.jar

    ⑦加入 slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar

  2.Spring Bean配置文件

applicationContext.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />

<!--配置数据源 -->

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">

<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>

<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>

<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>

<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>

</bean>

<!--配置JPA的entityManagerFactory -->

<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>

<!-- 配置JPA的实现 -->

<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">

<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"></bean>

</property>

<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ntjr.springdata"></property>

<property name="jpaProperties">

<props>

<!-- 二级缓存相关 -->

<!-- <prop key="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class">org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory</prop>

<prop key="net.sf.ehcache.configurationResourceName">ehcache-hibernate.xml</prop> -->

<!-- 生成的数据表的列的映射策略 -->

<prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop>

<!-- hibernate 基本属性 -->

<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>

<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>

<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>

<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>

</props>

</property>

</bean>

<!--配置事物管理器 -->

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">

<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"></property>

</bean>

<!-- 配置支持注解的事物 -->

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

<!--配置springData -->

<!--base-package:扫描Repository Bean所在的package -->

<jpa:repositories base-package="com.ntjr.springdata"

entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"

transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager">

</jpa:repositories>

</beans>

applicationContext.xml

  3.数据库持久类

Person.java

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package com.ntjr.springdata;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;

import javax.persistence.Id;

import javax.persistence.Table;

@Table(name = "JPA_PERSONS")

@Entity

public class Person {

private Integer id;

private String lastName;

private String email;

private Date birth;

@GeneratedValue

@Id

public Integer getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(Integer id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getLastName() {

return lastName;

}

@Column(name = "LAST_NAME")

public void setLastName(String lastName) {

this.lastName = lastName;

}

public String getEmail() {

return email;

}

public void setEmail(String email) {

this.email = email;

}

public Date getBirth() {

return birth;

}

public void setBirth(Date birth) {

this.birth = birth;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Person [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email=" + email + ", birth=" + birth + "]";

}

}

  4.DAO

PersonRepository.java

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package com.ntjr.springdata;

import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository;

/**

*

* 1、实现Repository接口

* 2、通过注解的方式@RepositoryDefinition将一个bean定义为Repository接口

*/

public interface PersonRepsitory extends Repository<Person, Integer> {

// 根据lastName获取对应的person

Person getByLastName(String lastName);

}

  5.测试

SpringDataTest.java

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package com.ntjr.springdata.test;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.ntjr.springdata.Person;

import com.ntjr.springdata.PersonRepsitory;

public class SpringDataTest {

private ApplicationContext ctx = null;

{

ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

}

@Test

public void getPersonForLastName() {

PersonRepsitory personRepsitory = ctx.getBean(PersonRepsitory.class);

Person person = personRepsitory.getByLastName("AA");

System.out.println(person);

}

}

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原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaobingqing/p/6854322.html

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