Java 生产者/消费者问题实例详解

生产者和消费者问题是线程模型中的经典问题：生产者和消费者在同一时间段内共用同一个存储空间，如下图所示，生产者向空间里存放数据，而消费者取用数据，如果不加以协调可能会出现以下情况：

存储空间已满，而生产者占用着它，消费者等着生产者让出空间从而去除产品，生产者等着消费者消费产品，从而向空间中添加产品。互相等待，从而发生死锁。

以下实例演示了如何通过线程解决生产者/消费者问题：

/*

author by w3cschool.cc

ProducerConsumerTest.java

*/

public class ProducerConsumerTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

CubbyHole c = new CubbyHole();

Producer p1 = new Producer(c, 1);

Consumer c1 = new Consumer(c, 1);

p1.start();

c1.start();

}

class CubbyHole {

private int contents;

private boolean available = false;

public synchronized int get() {

while (available == false) {

try {

wait();

}

catch (InterruptedException e) {

}

available = false;

notifyAll();

return contents;

}

public synchronized void put(int value) {

while (available == true) {

try {

wait();

}

catch (InterruptedException e) {

}

contents = value;

available = true;

notifyAll();

}

class Consumer extends Thread {

private CubbyHole cubbyhole;

private int number;

public Consumer(CubbyHole c, int number) {

cubbyhole = c;

this.number = number;

}

public void run() {

int value = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

value = cubbyhole.get();

System.out.println("消费者 #" + this.number+ " got: " + value);

}

class Producer extends Thread {

private CubbyHole cubbyhole;

private int number;

public Producer(CubbyHole c, int number) {

cubbyhole = c;

this.number = number;

}

public void run() {

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

cubbyhole.put(i);

System.out.println("生产者 #" + this.number + " put: " + i);

try {

sleep((int)(Math.random() * 100));

} catch (InterruptedException e) { }

}

以上代码运行输出结果为：

Java 生产者/消费者问题实例详解

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