Java 中HttpURLConnection附件上传的实例详解
整合了一个自己写的采用Http做附件上传的工具，分享一下！
示例代码：
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/**
* 以Http协议传输文件
*
* @author mingxue.zhang@163.com
*
*/
public class HttpPostUtil {
private final static char[] MULTIPART_CHARS = "-_1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
.toCharArray();
private URL url;
private HttpURLConnection conn;
private String boundary = null;
private Map<String, String> textParams = new HashMap<String, String>();
private Map<String, File> fileparams = new HashMap<String, File>();
public HttpPostUtil(String url) throws Exception {
this.url = new URL(url);
}
// 重新设置要请求的服务器地址，即上传文件的地址。
public void setUrl(String url) throws Exception {
this.url = new URL(url);
}
// 增加一个普通字符串数据到form表单数据中
public void addTextParameter(String name, String value) {
textParams.put(name, value);
}
// 增加一个文件到form表单数据中
public void addFileParameter(String name, File value) {
fileparams.put(name, value);
}
// 清空所有已添加的form表单数据
public void clearAllParameters() {
textParams.clear();
fileparams.clear();
}
/**
* 发送数据到服务器
*
* @return 一个字节包含服务器的返回结果的数组
* @throws Exception
*/
public byte[] send() throws Exception {
initConnection();
try {
conn.connect();
} catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
throw new Exception(e);
}
OutputStream connOutStream = new DataOutputStream(
conn.getOutputStream());
writeFileParams(connOutStream);
writeStringParams(connOutStream);
writesEnd(connOutStream);
InputStream responseInStream = conn.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream responseOutStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len;
byte[] bufferByte = new byte[1024];
while ((len = responseInStream.read(bufferByte)) != -1) {
responseOutStream.write(bufferByte, 0, len);
}
responseInStream.close();
connOutStream.close();
conn.disconnect();
byte[] resultByte = responseOutStream.toByteArray();
responseOutStream.close();
return resultByte;
}
// 文件上传的connection的一些必须设置
private void initConnection() throws Exception {
StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer("----");
Random rand = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
buf.append(MULTIPART_CHARS[rand.nextInt(MULTIPART_CHARS.length)]);
}
this.boundary = buf.toString();
conn = (HttpURLConnection) this.url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setUseCaches(false);
conn.setConnectTimeout(3 * 60 * 1000); // 连接超时为10秒
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary);
}
// 普通字符串数据
private void writeStringParams(OutputStream out) throws Exception {
Set<String> keySet = textParams.keySet();
for (Iterator<String> it = keySet.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
String value = textParams.get(name);
out.write(("--" + boundary + "\\r\\n").getBytes());
out.write(("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\\"" + name + "\\"\\r\\n")
.getBytes());
out.write(("\\r\\n").getBytes());
out.write((encode(value) + "\\r\\n").getBytes());
}
}
// 文件数据
private void writeFileParams(OutputStream out) throws Exception {
Set<String> keySet = fileparams.keySet();
for (Iterator<String> it = keySet.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
File value = fileparams.get(name);
out.write(("--" + boundary + "\\r\\n").getBytes());
out.write(("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\\"" + name
+ "\\"; filename=\\"" + encode(value.getName()) + "\\"\\r\\n")
.getBytes());
out.write(("Content-Type: " + getContentType(value) + "\\r\\n")
.getBytes());
out.write(("Content-Transfer-Encoding: " + "binary" + "\\r\\n")
.getBytes());
out.write(("\\r\\n").getBytes());
FileInputStream inStream = new FileInputStream(value);
int bytes = 0;
byte[] bufferByte = new byte[1024];
while ((bytes = inStream.read(bufferByte)) != -1) {
out.write(bufferByte, 0, bytes);
}
inStream.close();
out.write(("\\r\\n").getBytes());
}
}
// 添加结尾数据
private void writesEnd(OutputStream out) throws Exception {
out.write(("--" + boundary + "--" + "\\r\\n").getBytes());
out.write(("\\r\\n").getBytes());
}
// 获取文件的上传类型，图片格式为image/png,image/jpg等。非图片为application/octet-stream
private String getContentType(File f) throws Exception {
String fileName = f.getName();
if (fileName.endsWith(".jpg")) {
return "image/jpeg";
} else if (fileName.endsWith(".png")) {
return "image/png";
}
return "application/octet-stream";
}
// 对包含中文的字符串进行转码，此为UTF-8。服务器那边要进行一次解码
private String encode(String value) throws Exception {
return URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8");
}
}
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原文链接：http://zmx.iteye.com/blog/2211633
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