在使用springsecurity中，大伙都知道默认的登录数据是通过key/value的形式来传递的，默认情况下不支持json格式的登录数据，如果有这种需求，就需要自己来解决，本文主要和小伙伴来聊聊这个话题。
基本登录方案
在说如何使用json登录之前，我们还是先来看看基本的登录吧，本文为了简单，springsecurity在使用中就不连接数据库了，直接在内存中配置用户名和密码，具体操作步骤如下：
创建spring boot工程
首先创建springboot工程，添加springsecurity依赖，如下：
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<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
</dependency>
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添加security配置
创建securityconfig，完成springsecurity的配置，如下：
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@configuration
public class securityconfig extends websecurityconfigureradapter {
@bean
passwordencoder passwordencoder() {
return new bcryptpasswordencoder();
}
@override
protected void configure(authenticationmanagerbuilder auth) throws exception {
auth.inmemoryauthentication().withuser("zhangsan").password("$2a$10$2o4ewlrrfpebotfdotc0f.rpumk.3q3kvbhrx7xxkumlbgjoobs8q").roles("user");
}
@override
public void configure(websecurity web) throws exception {
}
@override
protected void configure(httpsecurity http) throws exception {
http.authorizerequests()
.anyrequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formlogin()
.loginprocessingurl("/dologin")
.successhandler(new authenticationsuccesshandler() {
@override
public void onauthenticationsuccess(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, authentication authentication) throws ioexception, servletexception {
respbean ok = respbean.ok("登录成功！",authentication.getprincipal());
resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8");
printwriter out = resp.getwriter();
out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(ok));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
})
.failurehandler(new authenticationfailurehandler() {
@override
public void onauthenticationfailure(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, authenticationexception e) throws ioexception, servletexception {
respbean error = respbean.error("登录失败");
resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8");
printwriter out = resp.getwriter();
out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(error));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
})
.loginpage("/login")
.permitall()
.and()
.logout()
.logouturl("/logout")
.logoutsuccesshandler(new logoutsuccesshandler() {
@override
public void onlogoutsuccess(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, authentication authentication) throws ioexception, servletexception {
respbean ok = respbean.ok("注销成功！");
resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8");
printwriter out = resp.getwriter();
out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(ok));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
})
.permitall()
.and()
.csrf()
.disable()
.exceptionhandling()
.accessdeniedhandler(new accessdeniedhandler() {
@override
public void handle(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, accessdeniedexception e) throws ioexception, servletexception {
respbean error = respbean.error("权限不足，访问失败");
resp.setstatus(403);
resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8");
printwriter out = resp.getwriter();
out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(error));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
});
}
}
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这里的配置虽然有点长，但是很基础，配置含义也比较清晰，首先提供bcryptpasswordencoder作为passwordencoder，可以实现对密码的自动加密加盐，非常方便，然后提供了一个名为zhangsan的用户，密码是123，角色是user，最后配置登录逻辑，所有的请求都需要登录后才能访问，登录接口是/dologin，用户名的key是username，密码的key是password，同时配置登录成功、登录失败以及注销成功、权限不足时都给用户返回json提示，另外，这里虽然配置了登录页面为/login，实际上这不是一个页面，而是一段json，在logincontroller中提供该接口，如下：
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@restcontroller
@responsebody
public class logincontroller {
@getmapping("/login")
public respbean login() {
return respbean.error("尚未登录，请登录");
}
@getmapping("/hello")
public string hello() {
return "hello";
}
}
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这里/login只是一个json提示，而不是页面， /hello则是一个测试接口。
ok，做完上述步骤就可以开始测试了，运行springboot项目，访问/hello接口，结果如下：
登录成功后，再去访问/hello接口就可以成功访问了。
使用json登录
上面演示的是一种原始的登录方案，如果想将用户名密码通过json的方式进行传递，则需要自定义相关过滤器，通过分析源码我们发现，默认的用户名密码提取在usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter过滤器中，部分源码如下：
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public class usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter extends
abstractauthenticationprocessingfilter {
public static final string spring_security_form_username_key = "username";
public static final string spring_security_form_password_key = "password";
private string usernameparameter = spring_security_form_username_key;
private string passwordparameter = spring_security_form_password_key;
private boolean postonly = true;
public usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter() {
super(new antpathrequestmatcher("/login", "post"));
}
public authentication attemptauthentication(httpservletrequest request,
httpservletresponse response) throws authenticationexception {
if (postonly && !request.getmethod().equals("post")) {
throw new authenticationserviceexception(
"authentication method not supported: " + request.getmethod());
}
string username = obtainusername(request);
string password = obtainpassword(request);
if (username == null) {
username = "";
}
if (password == null) {
password = "";
}
username = username.trim();
usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken authrequest = new usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken(
username, password);
// allow subclasses to set the "details" property
setdetails(request, authrequest);
return this.getauthenticationmanager().authenticate(authrequest);
}
protected string obtainpassword(httpservletrequest request) {
return request.getparameter(passwordparameter);
}
protected string obtainusername(httpservletrequest request) {
return request.getparameter(usernameparameter);
}
//...
//...
}
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从这里可以看到，默认的用户名/密码提取就是通过request中的getparameter来提取的，如果想使用json传递用户名密码，只需要将这个过滤器替换掉即可，自定义过滤器如下：
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public class customauthenticationfilter extends usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter {
@override
public authentication attemptauthentication(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws authenticationexception {
if (request.getcontenttype().equals(mediatype.application_json_utf8_value)
|| request.getcontenttype().equals(mediatype.application_json_value)) {
objectmapper mapper = new objectmapper();
usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken authrequest = null;
try (inputstream is = request.getinputstream()) {
map<string,string> authenticationbean = mapper.readvalue(is, map.class);
authrequest = new usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken(
authenticationbean.get("username"), authenticationbean.get("password"));
} catch (ioexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
authrequest = new usernamepasswordauthenticationtoken(
"", "");
} finally {
setdetails(request, authrequest);
return this.getauthenticationmanager().authenticate(authrequest);
}
}
else {
return super.attemptauthentication(request, response);
}
}
}
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这里只是将用户名/密码的获取方案重新修正下，改为了从json中获取用户名密码，然后在securityconfig中作出如下修改：
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@override
protected void configure(httpsecurity http) throws exception {
http.authorizerequests().anyrequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formlogin()
.and().csrf().disable();
http.addfilterat(customauthenticationfilter(), usernamepasswordauthenticationfilter.class);
}
@bean
customauthenticationfilter customauthenticationfilter() throws exception {
customauthenticationfilter filter = new customauthenticationfilter();
filter.setauthenticationsuccesshandler(new authenticationsuccesshandler() {
@override
public void onauthenticationsuccess(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, authentication authentication) throws ioexception, servletexception {
resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8");
printwriter out = resp.getwriter();
respbean respbean = respbean.ok("登录成功!");
out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(respbean));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
});
filter.setauthenticationfailurehandler(new authenticationfailurehandler() {
@override
public void onauthenticationfailure(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse resp, authenticationexception e) throws ioexception, servletexception {
resp.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8");
printwriter out = resp.getwriter();
respbean respbean = respbean.error("登录失败!");
out.write(new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(respbean));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
});
filter.setauthenticationmanager(authenticationmanagerbean());
return filter;
}
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将自定义的customauthenticationfilter类加入进来即可，接下来就可以使用json进行登录了，如下：
好了，本文就先介绍到这里，有问题欢迎留言讨论。 希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持快网idc。
原文链接：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000018157525
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