JAVA发送HTTP请求的四种方式总结

源代码：http://github.com/lovewenyo/HttpDemo

1. HttpURLConnection

使用JDK原生提供的net，无需其他jar包；

HttpURLConnection是URLConnection的子类，提供更多的方法，使用更方便。

package httpURLConnection;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

public class HttpURLConnectionHelper {

public static String sendRequest(String urlParam,String requestType) {

HttpURLConnection con = null;

BufferedReader buffer = null;

StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;

try {

URL url = new URL(urlParam);

//得到连接对象

con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

//设置请求类型

con.setRequestMethod(requestType);

//设置请求需要返回的数据类型和字符集类型

con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=GBK");

//允许写出

con.setDoOutput(true);

//允许读入

con.setDoInput(true);

//不使用缓存

con.setUseCaches(false);

//得到响应码

int responseCode = con.getResponseCode();

if(responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){

//得到响应流

InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();

//将响应流转换成字符串

resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();

String line;

buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "GBK"));

while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {

resultBuffer.append(line);

}

return resultBuffer.toString();

}

}catch(Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return "";

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

String url ="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";

System.out.println(sendRequest(url,"POST"));

}

2. URLConnection

使用JDK原生提供的net，无需其他jar包；

建议使用HttpURLConnection

package uRLConnection;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

import java.net.URLConnection;

public class URLConnectionHelper {

public static String sendRequest(String urlParam) {

URLConnection con = null;

BufferedReader buffer = null;

StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;

try {

URL url = new URL(urlParam);

con = url.openConnection();

//设置请求需要返回的数据类型和字符集类型

con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=GBK");

//允许写出

con.setDoOutput(true);

//允许读入

con.setDoInput(true);

//不使用缓存

con.setUseCaches(false);

//得到响应流

InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();

//将响应流转换成字符串

resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();

String line;

buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "GBK"));

while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {

resultBuffer.append(line);

}

return resultBuffer.toString();

}catch(Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return "";

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

String url ="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";

System.out.println(sendRequest(url));

}

3. HttpClient

使用方便，我个人偏爱这种方式，但依赖于第三方jar包，相关maven依赖如下：

<dependency>

<groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>

<artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>

<version>3.1</version>

</dependency

package httpClient;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;

public class HttpClientHelper {

public static String sendPost(String urlParam) throws HttpException, IOException {

// 创建httpClient实例对象

HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();

// 设置httpClient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒

httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(15000);

// 创建post请求方法实例对象

PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(urlParam);

// 设置post请求超时时间

postMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 60000);

postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");

httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);

String result = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();

postMethod.releaseConnection();

return result;

}

public static String sendGet(String urlParam) throws HttpException, IOException {

// 创建httpClient实例对象

HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();

// 设置httpClient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒

httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(15000);

// 创建GET请求方法实例对象

GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(urlParam);

// 设置post请求超时时间

getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 60000);

getMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");

httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);

String result = getMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();

getMethod.releaseConnection();

return result;

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws HttpException, IOException {

String url ="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";

System.out.println(sendPost(url));

System.out.println(sendGet(url));

}

4. Socket

使用JDK原生提供的net，无需其他jar包；

使用起来有点麻烦。

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package socket;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

import java.net.Socket;

import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;

public class SocketForHttpTest {

private int port;

private String host;

private Socket socket;

private BufferedReader bufferedReader;

private BufferedWriter bufferedWriter;

public SocketForHttpTest(String host,int port) throws Exception{

this.host = host;

this.port = port;

/**

* http协议

*/

// socket = new Socket(this.host, this.port);

/**

* https协议

*/

socket = (SSLSocket)((SSLSocketFactory)SSLSocketFactory.getDefault()).createSocket(this.host, this.port);

}

public void sendGet() throws IOException{

//String requestUrlPath = "/z69183787/article/details/17580325";

String requestUrlPath = "/";

OutputStreamWriter streamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());

bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(streamWriter);

bufferedWriter.write("GET " + requestUrlPath + " HTTP/1.1\\r\\n");

bufferedWriter.write("Host: " + this.host + "\\r\\n");

bufferedWriter.write("\\r\\n");

bufferedWriter.flush();

BufferedInputStream streamReader = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());

bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(streamReader, "utf-8"));

String line = null;

while((line = bufferedReader.readLine())!= null){

System.out.println(line);

}

bufferedReader.close();

bufferedWriter.close();

socket.close();

}

public void sendPost() throws IOException{

String path = "/";

String data = URLEncoder.encode("name", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode("张三", "utf-8") + "&" +

URLEncoder.encode("age", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode("32", "utf-8");

// String data = "name=zhigang_jia";

System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>"+data);

OutputStreamWriter streamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), "utf-8");

bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(streamWriter);

bufferedWriter.write("POST " + path + " HTTP/1.1\\r\\n");

bufferedWriter.write("Host: " + this.host + "\\r\\n");

bufferedWriter.write("Content-Length: " + data.length() + "\\r\\n");

bufferedWriter.write("Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\\r\\n");

bufferedWriter.write("\\r\\n");

bufferedWriter.write(data);

bufferedWriter.write("\\r\\n");

bufferedWriter.flush();

BufferedInputStream streamReader = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());

bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(streamReader, "utf-8"));

String line = null;

while((line = bufferedReader.readLine())!= null)

{

System.out.println(line);

}

bufferedReader.close();

bufferedWriter.close();

socket.close();

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

/**

* http协议测试

*/

//SocketForHttpTest forHttpTest = new SocketForHttpTest("www.baidu.com", 80);

/**

* https协议测试

*/

SocketForHttpTest forHttpTest = new SocketForHttpTest("www.baidu.com", 443);

try {

forHttpTest.sendGet();

// forHttpTest.sendPost();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

总结

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/longshehe9319/article/details/80509829

1. HttpURLConnection

2. URLConnection

3. HttpClient

4. Socket

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